Pine pitch milling cutter improvement

ABSTRACT

THE PRESENT INVENTION RELAYES TO A FACE MILLING CUTTER HAVING AN ANNUALAR BODY WITH A PLURALITY OF CLOSELY SPACED SEATING SLOTS WHICH EXTEND THROUGH AN ANNULAR RIM PORTION AT AN OBLIQUE ANGLE WHEREIN THE SAID SLOTS RECEIVE SEATING ANVILS THAT ARE RETAINED BY A PERMANENT FIXING MEANS AND WHEREIN THE SAID ANVILS SEAT AND LOCATE CUTTING INSERT IN PROPER CUTTING REGISTRY.

061. 19, .1971 v. MILEWSKI P Re. 21,192

FINE PITCH MILLING CUTTER IMPROVEMENT Original Filed July 26, 1966 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 2,91 i 1 7 E 0 F lG.l

w /G 2o 34 2 3.2 /6 Q 2 A? 0 /c a /a 22 INVENTOR V1: 10R M mew 5x1 A T TORNEVS Oct. 19, 1971 v. MILEWSKI FINE PITCH MILLING CUTTER IMPROVEMENT 2 Shobts-Shoot 1 Original Filed July 26, 1966 Fuels FIG.5

F'IG. IO

FIG.9

FIGJ I INVENTOR VICTOR MILWJ'KI ATTORNEYS United States Patent Olfice Re. 27,192 Reissuecl Oct. 19, 1971 27,192 FINE PITCH MILLING CUTTER IMPROVEMENT Victor Milewski, Troy, Mich., assignor to The Valeron Corporation Original No. 3,391,438, dated July 9, 1968, Ser. No. 568,035, July 26, 1966. Application for reissue Nov. 10, 1969, Ser. No. 871,493

Int. Cl. B26d 1/12 US. Cl. 29105 Claims Matter enclosed in heavy brackets appears in the original patent but forms no part of this reissue specification; matter printed in italics indicates the additions made by reissue.

ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE This invention relates to a face milling cutter employing a large number of closely spaced indexable cutting inserts to provide a fine pitch for relatively high rates of stock removal and relatively long life without indexing requirements.

The milling cutter of this invention is primarily characterized by an annular cutter body having closely spaced perimeter slots within which are mounted insert receptive anvils, indexable cutting inserts and cutter retaining wedges. The anvils are positively located and secured in the slots in register with the cutter body. The indexable cutting inserts are individually seated in a receptive pocket in each anvil with a side face exposed. The wedging elements engage an exposed face of an insert to seat it securely in the anvil pocket under a compressive load and for proper register and use as an integral part of the cutter body.

The wedge elements are tightened by fastener means acting both radially and axially of the cutter body for most precise and positive securement of the cutting inserts for their intended purpose.

The anvils are separateelements which are tack welded or otherwise secured in the slots of the cutter body but are replaceable if damaged.

The cutting inserts have no direct contact with the cutter body and are precisely located by the precision anvils and the tightening wedges.

The object and advantages of the present invention will best be understood and appreciated from a detailed description of a preferred'embodiment as hereinafter described with reference to the accompanying drawings:

FIG. 1 is a face elevation of a quarter-section of a face milling cutter incorporating the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the face milling cutter taken in the planes of the radial lines 22 of the first drawing figures;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of one of the wiper insert retaining anvils;

FIG. 4 is a fragmentaried cross-sectional detail of an anvil and indexable cutter as seen in the plane of line 44 of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of one of the cutting insert retaining anvils;

FIG. 6 is an end view of an anvil;

FIG. 7 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a fragmentary part of the face milling cutter anvil, cutting insert, and differential screw retaining wedge;

FIG. 8 is a top-plan view of the fragmentary section of the milling cutter and its parts as seen in the direction of the arrow 8 in the immediately preceding drawing figure;

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing the wedge as seen in the plane of line 9-9 of FIG. 8;

FIGS. 10 and 11 are related detailed views of the wedge member of the assemblage; and

FIG. 12 is a fragmentary view of a modified anvil adapted for square inserts.

The face milling cutter shown in the drawings include a body member 10 having a center bore 12 and a dished face 14. A series of relatively closely spaced slots 16 are provided on the periphery and each is radially oriented and angularly disposed relative to the axis of the cutter. This causes the slots to be exposed on the outer periphery of the cutter and on its inner face. This also causes the bottom wall of the slot to be disposed as an inclined plane and provides intermediate lugs "17 between each slot.

The cutter shown includes a total of twenty of the peripheral slots 16. Each accommodates an anvil 18, an indexable cutting insert 20 and a screw retained wedge 22. Every fifth slot is for a wiper insert and so includes an anvil 18 which is afforded limited adjustment.

Referring to FIG. 2, the lower part of the drawing figure shows the standard anvil 18 for retaining and locating a cutter, tack welded at 24 and 26 in its slot 16. The upper part of the drawing figure shows the anvil 18' for the cutters used as wiper inserts retained by a bolt fastener 28 and having a notch 30 at the front edge engaged by a spring clamp 32 held by a screw 34, providing a limited two-way adjustment through actuation of the bolt 28.

As best shown in FIGS. 3-5, each of the anvils 18 and 18 include a pocket 36 formed in one side face to retain the cutting inserts 20. With hexagonal shaped inserts, the pocket is similarly formed and its side walls are undercut as at 38, referring in particular to FIG. 4. It also includes a back wall land or base relief 40 for more central engagement of the inserts and to provide an annular relief area 42 protective of the cutting corner edges of the inserts. As best shown in FIG. 2, two non-adjacent edge walls of the hexagonal inserts register against corresponding walls of the anvil pocket, clearance 23 being provided relative to the intermediate side edges.

The back wall 44 of each of the anvils 18 and 18 is plane-surfaced as best shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, for close fitting engagement with one of the side walls of the slots 16. The front corner edge of each anvil is beveled back, as at 46, and only the anvils 18' for the wipers are provided with the bolt holes 48 and front corner notches 30.

Referring now to FIGS. 9-11 it will be seen that the wedges 22 are truncated near their upper end, as at 50, and formed to include a boss 52 on one side. Within the boss, and partly in the wedge, is formed a threaded bore hole 54 receptive of fastening means 56 to secure the wedge in place.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 8, and identified in the latter, a groove 58 receptive of the boss 52 on the wedge is provided in the side wall of each of the slots 16 opposite the side wall receptive of the anvils. The wedge itself is tapered, as shown in FIG. 7, for its intended purpose and is of a size and shape for face engagement with the cutting inserts in the anvil pockets 36.

In the assembly of the parts of the face milling center, the anvils 18 are precisely located in the slot :16 on the inclined base or seat of the slots and with their plane surfaced back side 44 against the plane surface side wall of the slot. This is done by a suitable fixture witha set sf master inserts held against the forward shoulder of he anvil while it is manually adjusted to bring all cutting :orners of the inserts precisely to a common cutting plane it which position the wedges are tightened and the anvils ack welded, thereby substantially eliminating the effect )f any tolerance errors in the machining of the anvils. Cutting inserts '20 are then placed in the pockets ofthe invils 18 and the wedges 22 are re-tightened with all inserts held against the leading walls of the anvils.

The wedges 22 are relatively positioned in the slots 16 )y their bosses 52 received in the grooves 58 and are progressively tightened down by the fastening means 56 provide a solid and secure assembly.

The anvils 18 are disposed at the quadrant positions ind are retained by suitable fastener means rather than Jeing tack Welded. The spring clamp and screw retainer it the front face of the cutter are also used. Otherwise, he insert and wedge arrangement used is the same as greviously mentioned.

From the foregoing, it will be appreciated that the tnvils 18, as well as 18', are disposed and held on an nclined plane in the slots 16 and are positively retained n a fixed and secure position. The anvils 18, while tack welded in place, are positively located and secured to the :xtent necessary to resist any normal effort of dislodgenent with the angle of the pocket adapted to provide 1 slight corner protrusion of the cutting insert as best lhOWIl in the lower insert of FIG. 2 whereas the adjustlble wiper anvils are pocketed to provide a cutting edge tubstantially parallel to the cutting plane providing a .moothing scraping action. In use, all force imposed upon he inserts, and transmitted to the anvils, is against the nclined planes of the base of the slot in which they tre located. It is also, obviously, resisted by the wedged :ompressive engagement of the inserts in the anvils.

In the event of serious damage, the anvils can be renoved and replaced.

The wedges are likewise positively located and resist my effect of dislodgement by their engagement relative o the side wall having the receptive groove 58. Further, :he fastener means 56, holding and driving the wedges iome is inclined radially inward and axially in a manier for best resistance aaginst the forces imposed on the :utting inserts in use.

The assembly disclosed has been found unquestionably trong and secure and far better than other fastener reained anvil or wedge arrangements where the slots are men on opposite faces of the cutter and no resistance to he work effort force is provided through other than the vedge engagement of the elements in the slots and the iheer resistance to the fastener means. In addition to the tdvantages of the inclined plane base of the slots, is the act that the tack welding may be used for arcuate poitioning, positive retainment and still allow replacement or serious damage. Every wedge engages every insert in he same manner due to its positive location. They are .imilarly locked and tightened down for secure retenion of every insert under a like compressive load. At he same time, they may be loosened Without serious difli- :ulty to enable the inserts to be indexed or replaced as 'equired.

Referring to FIG. 12 it will be seen that the present onstruction may be readily adapted to other forms of :utter inserts such as the square insert shown wherein he leading edge wall 27 and adjacent edge wall 29 regiser against corresponding anvil wall surfaces with any :learance 31 allocated to the third edge-pocket Walls.

Without further discussion, it will be appreciated that ertain other variations, modifications and the like are onceivable and within the scope of this invention and hat although a preferred embodiment has been specifizally shown and described in detail, it has been done to llustrate the scope of the present invention without inent to unnecessarily limit the invention thereto. Accordngly, such improvements, modifications and alterations as are within the spirit of this invention and are not specifically excluded by the language of the hereinafter appended claims are to be considered as inclusive thereunder.

I claim:

1. A cutting tool comprising an annular body member having a plurality of slots formed in the outer periphery thereof and exposed on one side face thereof, each of said slots having a registration [bottom] wall surface, [extending through said one side face at an oblique angle relative to the axis of said annular body member,] means secured in each of said slots in registry with said body member including said registration [bottom] wall and having edge faces for positively locating a cutting insert relative thereto, a cutting insert disposed in each of said slots and receptively engaged with said locating means for use, wedge means received in each of said slots and acting against the side wall forming a slot for holding said cutting insert in engagement with said locating means, wedge tightening means coacting with said body member, each of said locating means registering along said registration [bottom] wall surface with the cutter insert located therein precisely in a common cutting plane, and permanent means for fixedly securing said locating means in position.

2. A cutting tool as set forth in claim 1 wherein said last means comprises adhering means interacting between adjacent surfaces of said body and locating means for fixedly securing said locating means in position.

3. A cutting tool as set forth in claim 2 wherein said adhering means comprise tack welding means.

4. A cutting tool as set forth in claim 1 wherein said locating means include locating surfaces for engagement by said cutting inserts limiting the radially inward-most position of said cutting inserts.

5. A cutting tool as set forth in claim 1 wherein said cutting inserts have an indexable hexagonal configuration and wherein said locating means include angularly disposed locating surfaces for engagement by matching angularly disposed hexagonal edge surfaces of said cutting inserts.

6. A cutting tool as set forth in claim 5 wherein said angularly disposed locating surfaces limit the radially inward-most position of said cutting inserts.

7. A cutting tool as set forth in claim 5 wherein one of the hexagonal edges of each of a plurality of said cutting inserts extends at a slight angle nearly parallel to a cutting plane normal to the axis of said annular body member, the radially inward portion of said edge extending away from said cutting plane.

8. A cutting tool as set forth in claim 7 wherein at least one of said hexagonal edges is located in the cutting plane to provide a wiping action.

9. A cutting tool set forth in claim 8 wherein permanently operable mechanical adjusting means are provided for the locating means associated with said wiping cutting insert.

10. A cutting tool comprising an annular body member having a pluralityof slots formed in the outer periphery thereof and exposed on one side face thereof, each of said slots having a bottom wall surface extending through said one side face at an oblique angle relative to the axis of said annular body member, means secured in each of said slots in registry with said body member including said bottom wall and having edge faces for positively locating a cutting insert relative thereto, a cutting insert disposed in each of said slots and receptively engaged with said [0- cating means for use, wedge means received in each of said slots and acting against the side wall forming a slot for holding said cutting insert in engagement with said [boating means, wedge tightening means ooacting with said body member, each of said locating means registering along said bottom wall surface with the cutter insert located therein precisely in a common cutting plane and permanent means for fixedly securing said locating means in position.

11. A multiple point cutting tool comprising a cutter body and means in said body for retaining a plurality of indexable cutting inserts in. true running relation to a forwardly disposed locating surface other than a fixed surface of said body, said means including a: registration surface in said cutter body capable of providing back up reaction for cutting forces applied to each of the cutting inserts, said registration surface being adapted to accommodate preliminary adjustment of said inserts relative to said locating surface during initial assembly of said cutting tool, and means for fixing the adjusted position of said inserts in said cutter body.

12. A multiple point cutting tool as set forth in claim 11 wherein said first means includes an intermediate locating element for each cutting insert, said locating element engaging said registration surface.

13. A multiple point cutting tool as set forth in claim 12 including separate means for securing said locating element in fixed relation to said body and for securing said cutting inserts in fixed relation to said locating means.

7 14. A multiple point cutting tool as set forth in claim 13 including tack welding means for securing said locating elements in fixed relation to said body.

15. A multiple point cutting tool as set forth in claim 14 including wedge means for securing said cutting inserts in fixed relation to said locating means.

16. A cutting tool as set forth in claim 12 including indexable cutting inserts having a plurality of indexa'ble locating surfaces two of which determine the position of said insert relative to said locating element, and said locaring element including a locating surface for engagement by a locating surface of said cutting insert limiting the forward disposition of said insert in said cutting tool.

17, A cutting tool as set forth in claim 12, said locating element including a locating surface for engagement by a 6 locating surface of said cutting insert limiting the forward disposition of said insert in said cutting tool.

18. A cutting tool as set forth in claim 12, said locating element including locating surfaces for engagement by said cutting inserts limiting the radially inward and forward disposition of said inserts.

19. A cutting tool as set forth in claim 18, said locating surfaces of said locating element including contiguous surfaces for engaging like surfaces of said insert.

20. A cutting tool as set forth in claim 12, said registration surface being adapted toaccommodate adjustment of said locating means in the preliminary positioning thereof relative to constructional gauging means.

References Cited The following references, cited by the Examiner, are of record in the patented file of this patent or the original patent.

UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,091,138 5/1963 Berry 29-105 X 3,104,453 9/1963 Greenleaf 29105 3,116,538 l/1964 Severson 29105 3,138,847 6/1964 Berry 29105 3,142,111 7/1964 Turner 29-105 3,200,474 8/1965 Kralowetz 29105 3,217,384 11/1965 Wirfelt 29-105 3,229,350 1/1966 Yogus 29105 3,315,332 4/1967 Lowry 29-105 FOREIGN PATENTS 593,425 10/1947 Great Britain.

HARRISON L. HINSON, Primary Examiner 

